Wastewater from the textile industry, especially that containing azo compounds, often contains toxic materials that persist in the environment. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the performance of various methods for their removal. ACID red 37 combinations represent a single structure in the azo DYEs which have already been widely used in the textile industry. The purpose this study is the optimization of effective factors and investigation performance of the electrofenton and electrocoagulation methods in synthetic wastewater for ACID Red 37 DYE removal from aqueous solutions. In this study, synthetic wastewater was formed from ACID Red 37 DYE and pilot Scale and the concentration, pH, electrical density and temperature parameters were investigated. Ultimately the optimum conditions were determined as well as the amount of energy consumption at 90 percent efficiency. To investigate the pollutant degradation GC-Mass was used and the results show that both methods had the ability to remove ACID Red 37. Electrocoagulation was found to be more efficient than the electrofenton method; respectively, the optimum conditions for removal by the electrofenton and electrocoagulation methods were pH=3, time=120 min, density- 30 mA.cm2, concentration=50 mg/L, consumption energy 142.8 KWh/Kg DYE and pH=7 time=120 min, density- 30 mA.cm2, concentration=150 mg/L, consumption energy 130.2 KWh/Kg DYE. These results show that the electrocoagulation method was better than electrofenton with its high ability for removal ACID Red 37.

Pulse DYE Laser (PDL) is mainly used to treat vascular lesions but several studies performed in different research centers have shown the efficacy of this safe laser in the treatment of non-vascular lesions as well. The aim of this study was to review, sum up and summarize these studies.PDL is a known alternative for cryotherapy in the treatment of some viral lesions such as periungual warts and molluscum contagiosum. The effect of this laser in the management of inflammatory lesions is not yet known and there have been controversial results. PDL has a very little effect on these dematoses and it is limited to the lesions with a clear vascular component, such as psoriasis and acne. Finally, regarding collagen remodeling and its usage in rejuvenation and in the treatment of hypertrophic scars, keloid and striae, the results from various studies are different and while they confirm its possible effect, more studies have to be conducted in order to determine appropriate treatment parameters.

Background and purpose: Generated DYE wastewater by the textile industry is usually toxic, non-biodegradable and resistant in the environment. Eggshell is one of the inexpensive material and for the reason the vesicular structures can be used as a proper adsorbent for pollutants removal. The aim of this study is to investigate the efficiency of eggshell for removal of ACID orange 2 DYE from aqueous solution.Materials and Methods: In the experimental study was determined the efficacy of variant variables such as contact time (15, 30, 60, 90 and 120 min), pH (3, 7 and 11), adsorbent dose (10, 25, 50 and 75 g/L), and initial DYE concentration (25, 50 and 100 mg/L). The concentration of DYE by spectrophotometer ultraviolet/visible in the wavelength 483 nm was examined.Results: The results showed that with increasing contact time and adsorbent dose, the DYE removal efficiency was increased, but with increasing pH and initial DYE concentration the removal efficiency was decreased. The maximum of removal efficiency of ACID orange 2 DYE got in the optimum pH: 3, contact time: 90 min, adsorbent dose: 50 g/L and initial DYE concentration: 25 mg/L. Adsorption of ACID orange 2 DYE (R2=0.87) follow the Freundlich isotherm.Conclusion: Eggshells can be used as an inexpensive and effective adsorbent for the removal of ACID orange 2 DYE.

DYEs are an important class of pollutants which when discharged into water resources can be toxic to the aquatic environment and cause serious problems for public health. Various treatment technologies such as adsorption are in use. For this reason, clinoptilolite was used as a low-cost adsorbent to remove color from aqueous solution. Clinoptilolite was modified with sulfuric and phosphoric ACIDs in order to adsorp aqueous direct red 23. The batch adsorption experiments used DYE concentrations ranging from 50 to 200 mg/L. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), and Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR) were used to determine properties of clinoptilolite. To evaluate the experimental data, adsorption isotherms and kinetics were studied. The results showed that experimental data followed both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms, with a correlation coefficient of 0. 95– 0. 99. Kinetic studies showed that adsorption followed pseudo firstorder kinetics. The adsorption results showed that ACID-modified clinoptilolite with maximum adsorption capacity of 0. 0009 mmol/g was a superior adsorbent compared with unmodified clinoptilolite, according to Langmuir equation. It caused adsorption efficiency in terms of Si/Al ratio 7. 5 after 200 min of contact of between 31% to 60%. According to the Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm model, mean free energy of adsorption (8. 2– 8. 9 kJ/ mol) means that adsorption might follow a weak chemisorption mechanism. We conclude that adsorbing properties of clinoptilolite, a cheap and abundant adsorbent, can be improved and used for removing DYEs from wastewater.

Background and purpose: DYEs are one of the main pollutants in the various industrial wastewaters. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the biosorption of ACID red 18 DYEs from aqueous solutions by brown macroalgae biomass “Sargassum glaucescens.”Materials and Methods: This research was a lab study. S. glaucescens was used as an adsorbent to remove ACID red 18. The effect of various parameters such as pH, initial DYEs concentration, adsorbent dose and equilibrium contact time were evaluated in batch adsorption. The DYE concentration was measured in the wavelength of 506 nm by spectrophotometer.Results: The results showed that the equilibrium time of biosorption was 120 min. Increasing of contact time and adsorbent dose and initial DYE concentration can lead to increasing of the removal efficiency. The maximum adsorption capacity of the DYE was at pH: 6 respectively. It was found that the data fitted to Freundlich better than Langmuir isotherms of adsorption model.Conclusion: The S. glaucescens biomass had a satisfactory quality in DYE adsorption. It can be used as an effective, inexpensive adsorbents for the DYE adsorption from textile wastewater or similar industries.

Port-wine stain is a congenital vascular malformation originating from superficial dermal vessels which is characterized by ectasia of the capillaries. Currently, pulsed DYE laser (PDL) is used to treat these vascular lesions. To date, there are few reports of eczematous lesions due to PDL. Herein, we report three cases of eczema following PDL, used for treatment of port-wine stain in Razi hospital. Dermatitis following laser therapy is not frequent but may be seen occasionally. Therefore, patients should be informed on the possibility of this adverse effect before instituting the treatment.      

Portwine stains (PWS ) lesions are one of the most common childhood vascular malformations that gradually increase in color and thickness without treatment and have profound devastating psychological effects on the child. For this reason, and also because the lesions become resistant to treatment over time, early treatment of these lesions is very important. pulsed DYE laser (PDL) is currently the treatment of choice for these lesions. In almost all aspects of the treatment of these lesions with PDL laser, disagreement and sometimes contradictory data are found among various studies. These include the uncertainty of the optimal number of treatment sessions, the appropriate age to start treatment, the optimal parameters to start treatment with and possible methods to increase the effectiveness of PDL, possible treatment side effects and how to deal with them, as well as using different methods to reduce patient discomfort during treatment. The present article collects and reviews existing studies in this field.

Pulsed DYE laser (PDL) is an effective treatment for port-wine stain and can cause some short-term and long-term side-effects. Pyogenic granoluma is one of its late-onset adverse effects. Herein, we present two cases of pyogenic granoluma following treatment of port-wine stain with PDL.      

In this manuscript, synthesis of an ACID DYE by diazotization of 4-amino-9-metyoxypropyl naphthalimide with nitrosyl sulfuric ACID and coupling with J-ACID has been reported. The synthesized DYE was purified and characterized by use of DSC, 1HNMR, FTIR and Uv-vis techniques. The synthesized DYE was applied on polyamide fibers and its DYEing properties such as build up, fastness properties and color characteristics were investigated. The measured spectrophotometric attributes of DYEd fibers showed that the synthesized DYEstuff has a good build up and creates bluish red on polyamide fibers. In addition, assessment of fastness properties of DYEd fibers showed that the synthesized DYEstuff has relatively acceptable results on polyamide fibres.